What type of exercise involves intense short bursts of activity where muscles produce energy without using oxygen?

Anaerobic exercise is characterized by short, intense bursts of activity where the body relies on energy sources stored in the muscles rather than oxygen. During these high-intensity efforts, such as sprinting or heavy weightlifting, the body's demand for energy exceeds the oxygen supply available, leading to the production of energy through anaerobic metabolism. This process primarily involves the breakdown of glucose for fuel, resulting in the accumulation of byproducts like lactic acid.

Anaerobic exercise is essential for building strength, power, and muscle mass, as it engages fast-twitch muscle fibers, which are more suited for short, explosive movements. This type of training is crucial for athletes who require quick bursts of effort in their performance, making it distinct from other forms of exercise such as aerobic exercise, which relies on sustained activities with sufficient oxygen supply.